By Richard Marinucci

As everyone knows, experience is a great teacher. As we go through life, we have an opportunity to learn from virtually everything that passes by us-the good and the bad.

In the fire and emergency services, not everyone can experience everything they need to know before they retire or move on to other assignments. Yet, there is an expectation from bosses, supervisors, and the citizens being served by those organizations (i.e., taxpayers) that individuals within the organization will make good decisions and choices. Therefore, it is wise and prudent for individuals to learn as much as they can from other people’s experiences and try not to learn the hard way.

That is where the 29th Annual Fire Department Safety Officers Association (FDSOA) Apparatus Specification and Maintenance Symposium comes into play. This is a one-of-a-kind event that will be held in Orlando, Florida, from January 15-18, 2017. It brings together experts in the field of fire service vehicles. There are opportunities to get the latest information on emerging issues and topics. There will be people there to discuss all aspects of apparatus-from purchasing to maintenance. As fire apparatus are significant investments, knowledge is essential so departments make the right decisions and minimize errors.

One area to be covered is the Boston (MA) Fire Department’s (BFD) experiences following a fatal crash in 2009. Ralph Craven, of Mercury Associates (who was retained by Boston to perform the assessment) and a representative from the BFD will relay the lessons learned, conclusions, and recommendations. This is a great chance to hear about the positives that resulted from a tragedy with hopes of never having a repeat-not only in the BFD but in every other organization that can learn from the challenges the BFD faced.

Neil Rossman, a Massachusetts attorney, will make another presentation. Some people may remember Rossman as an attorney who represented a Brookline, Massachusetts, firefighter who was thrown from an apparatus while responding to a call. He was successful in his lawsuit and with it brought many changes to apparatus to make them safer. Rossman subsequently served on the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1500, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program, committee, where he continued to work on safety issues and apparatus affecting firefighters and fire departments. He will discuss the progress that has been made and the areas that still need improvement.

These are two of the programs that will help you to gain from the experiences of others. This year’s program promises to be outstanding, with a variety of subjects to be covered. Those who attend will have many opportunities to network to add to what they learn during general sessions and workshops. Invest in yourself and your organization so that you can continue to improve on your capabilities. If you are in any way involved with the apparatus in your organization, you should make plans now to attend the 29th Annual Apparatus Specification and Maintenance Symposium. Visit www.fdsoa.org for more information.

RICHARD MARINUCCI is the executive director of the Fire Department Safety Officers Association (FDSOA). He retired as chief of the Farmington Hills (MI) Fire Department in 2008, a position he had held since 1984. He is a Fire Apparatus & Emergency Equipment and Fire Engineering editorial advisory board member, a past president of the International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC), and past chairman of the Commission on Chief Fire Officer Designation. In 1999, he served as acting chief operating officer of

By Richard Marinucci

As everyone knows, experience is a great teacher. As we go through life, we have an opportunity to learn from virtually everything that passes by us-the good and the bad.

In the fire and emergency services, not everyone can experience everything they need to know before they retire or move on to other assignments. Yet, there is an expectation from bosses, supervisors, and the citizens being served by those organizations (i.e., taxpayers) that individuals within the organization will make good decisions and choices. Therefore, it is wise and prudent for individuals to learn as much as they can from other people’s experiences and try not to learn the hard way.

That is where the 29th Annual Fire Department Safety Officers Association (FDSOA) Apparatus Specification and Maintenance Symposium comes into play. This is a one-of-a-kind event that will be held in Orlando, Florida, from January 15-18, 2017. It brings together experts in the field of fire service vehicles. There are opportunities to get the latest information on emerging issues and topics. There will be people there to discuss all aspects of apparatus-from purchasing to maintenance. As fire apparatus are significant investments, knowledge is essential so departments make the right decisions and minimize errors.

One area to be covered is the Boston (MA) Fire Department’s (BFD) experiences following a fatal crash in 2009. Ralph Craven, of Mercury Associates (who was retained by Boston to perform the assessment) and a representative from the BFD will relay the lessons learned, conclusions, and recommendations. This is a great chance to hear about the positives that resulted from a tragedy with hopes of never having a repeat-not only in the BFD but in every other organization that can learn from the challenges the BFD faced.

Neil Rossman, a Massachusetts attorney, will make another presentation. Some people may remember Rossman as an attorney who represented a Brookline, Massachusetts, firefighter who was thrown from an apparatus while responding to a call. He was successful in his lawsuit and with it brought many changes to apparatus to make them safer. Rossman subsequently served on the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1500, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program, committee, where he continued to work on safety issues and apparatus affecting firefighters and fire departments. He will discuss the progress that has been made and the areas that still need improvement.

These are two of the programs that will help you to gain from the experiences of others. This year’s program promises to be outstanding, with a variety of subjects to be covered. Those who attend will have many opportunities to network to add to what they learn during general sessions and workshops. Invest in yourself and your organization so that you can continue to improve on your capabilities. If you are in any way involved with the apparatus in your organization, you should make plans now to attend the 29th Annual Apparatus Specification and Maintenance Symposium. Visit www.fdsoa.org for more information.

RICHARD MARINUCCI is the executive director of the Fire Department Safety Officers Association (FDSOA). He retired as chief of the Farmington Hills (MI) Fire Department in 2008, a position he had held since 1984. He is a Fire Apparatus & Emergency Equipment and Fire Engineering editorial advisory board member, a past president of the International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC), and past chairman of the Commission on Chief Fire Officer Designation. In 1999, he served as acting chief operating officer of

By Robert Tutterow

This past June, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) released its annual report on firefighter fatalities for 2015.

The numbers indicate some positive trends as well as some disturbing trends. The report shows that 68 firefighters died in the line of duty. [Note: Other fire service agencies also keep line-of-duty death (LODD) statistics and they may or may not be the same as the NFPA report. The NFPA report does not include the deaths at the World Trade Center in 2001.]

The NFPA defines being on duty as (1) being on the scene of an alarm, including nonfire incidents and EMS calls; (2) responding to or returning from a call; (3) participation in fire department activities such as training, fire inspections, fire investigation, public education, maintenance, fund raising, and court testimony; and (4) being on standby or on call for assignment at a location other than the firefighter’s place of business or residence.

A Quick Glance

According to the NFPA, 32 of the deaths were volunteer firefighters, 24 were career, three were federal contractors, one was employed by a state land management agency, one was an inmate, and one was a military civilian employee. The age range was 18 to 92, with a median age of 49.5 years. There were three incidents where there were multiple fatalities. An apparatus crash of a wildland vehicle killed three firefighters, a helicopter crash killed two contract firefighters, and a wall collapse at a structure fire claimed the lives of two firefighters.

The Positive News

The number of firefighter deaths is not going up. For four out of the past five years, the number of deaths has been less than 70. The NFPA started tracking LODDs in 1977. From 1977 through 1991, a period of 15 years, there were at least 100 deaths each year. In 1978, there were 174 deaths. For the past 10 years, the average is 81. Clearly, the data indicate improvement over the past 40 years. From the “30,000-foot level,” there was a downward trend from 1977 to 1992. For the first time in 1992, the number was less than 100. Deaths spiked back up in 1994 and remained relatively steady at about 100 per year until 2009. With the exception of 2013, the numbers are averaging in the mid to high 60s. In 2013, there were 97 LODDs, which included two incidents where 28 firefighters lost their lives.

The positive news is related to increased awareness and education by many fire service agencies (especially the National Fallen Firefighters Foundation) and adherence to nationally recognized NFPA standards.

Vehicle-Related Lodds

There were 13 vehicle-related fatalities. As mentioned earlier, a wildland engine rolled down an embankment and killed three firefighters and a helicopter crash claimed two lives. Two ambulance crashes claimed one life each, and another firefighter was killed in a fire department pickup truck crash. Five firefighters were killed when they were struck and killed by a vehicle, including one that was intentional. Fortunately, there were no tanker rollovers or speed-related deaths involving fire department vehicles.

Cardiac Deaths

As usual, cardiac events were the leading cause of firefighter deaths in 2015, with 35 deaths consisting of 51 percent of the total number. Although this continues to be the leading cause, the numbers are down significantly from 40 years ago. During the first 10 years (1977 to 1986) since the NFPA started this ongoing study, the average number of cardiac-related deaths was 60. In the past 10 years, the average number is 34.

On-Scene LODDs

There were 24 fireground fatalities, with seven of thos

By Robert Tutterow

This past June, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) released its annual report on firefighter fatalities for 2015.

The numbers indicate some positive trends as well as some disturbing trends. The report shows that 68 firefighters died in the line of duty. [Note: Other fire service agencies also keep line-of-duty death (LODD) statistics and they may or may not be the same as the NFPA report. The NFPA report does not include the deaths at the World Trade Center in 2001.]

The NFPA defines being on duty as (1) being on the scene of an alarm, including nonfire incidents and EMS calls; (2) responding to or returning from a call; (3) participation in fire department activities such as training, fire inspections, fire investigation, public education, maintenance, fund raising, and court testimony; and (4) being on standby or on call for assignment at a location other than the firefighter’s place of business or residence.

A Quick Glance

According to the NFPA, 32 of the deaths were volunteer firefighters, 24 were career, three were federal contractors, one was employed by a state land management agency, one was an inmate, and one was a military civilian employee. The age range was 18 to 92, with a median age of 49.5 years. There were three incidents where there were multiple fatalities. An apparatus crash of a wildland vehicle killed three firefighters, a helicopter crash killed two contract firefighters, and a wall collapse at a structure fire claimed the lives of two firefighters.

The Positive News

The number of firefighter deaths is not going up. For four out of the past five years, the number of deaths has been less than 70. The NFPA started tracking LODDs in 1977. From 1977 through 1991, a period of 15 years, there were at least 100 deaths each year. In 1978, there were 174 deaths. For the past 10 years, the average is 81. Clearly, the data indicate improvement over the past 40 years. From the “30,000-foot level,” there was a downward trend from 1977 to 1992. For the first time in 1992, the number was less than 100. Deaths spiked back up in 1994 and remained relatively steady at about 100 per year until 2009. With the exception of 2013, the numbers are averaging in the mid to high 60s. In 2013, there were 97 LODDs, which included two incidents where 28 firefighters lost their lives.

The positive news is related to increased awareness and education by many fire service agencies (especially the National Fallen Firefighters Foundation) and adherence to nationally recognized NFPA standards.

Vehicle-Related Lodds

There were 13 vehicle-related fatalities. As mentioned earlier, a wildland engine rolled down an embankment and killed three firefighters and a helicopter crash claimed two lives. Two ambulance crashes claimed one life each, and another firefighter was killed in a fire department pickup truck crash. Five firefighters were killed when they were struck and killed by a vehicle, including one that was intentional. Fortunately, there were no tanker rollovers or speed-related deaths involving fire department vehicles.

Cardiac Deaths

As usual, cardiac events were the leading cause of firefighter deaths in 2015, with 35 deaths consisting of 51 percent of the total number. Although this continues to be the leading cause, the numbers are down significantly from 40 years ago. During the first 10 years (1977 to 1986) since the NFPA started this ongoing study, the average number of cardiac-related deaths was 60. In the past 10 years, the average number is 34.

On-Scene LODDs

There were 24 fireground fatalities, with seven of thos