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Posted: Jun 1, 2019

Keeping It Safe: Operating Safely in and Around Fire Apparatus

keeping it safe | Robert Tutterow
 

Operating Safely in and Around Apparatus

One of the more valuable presentations at this year’s Fire Department Safety Officers Association Apparatus Specifications & Maintenance Symposium was a presentation titled “Specifications and Practices for Working Safer Around Apparatus” by Doug Miller, with Task Force Tips, and Roger Lackore, with REV Group.

Robert Tutterow

A lot of safety initiatives are centered around the scene of the emergency. Yet, many firefighters suffer injuries, and even fatalities, while operating around apparatus. Almost annually, there is a firefighter line-of-duty death from falling off an apparatus or being run over by an apparatus.

A key principle in designing and specifying an apparatus is to minimize the need to climb on top of the apparatus. For example, if you specify a deck gun, it should be remote controlled and permanently mounted. As deck guns are typically stored in a dunnage area, it is important to make sure everything in the dunnage area is fixed, not portable equipment. Often foam tanks are filled on top of the apparatus in the dunnage area, but a foam fill option at the pump panel is an inexpensive option that is far safer than standing on top of the apparatus where slick foam may be on the standing surface. Portable master stream appliances should be stowed in a compartment at the lowest level for easy and safe access. In many cases, there is an added cost of having two master stream devices, but it offers the best, quickest, and most versatile deployment.

Speaking of compartments, the popularity of roll-up doors over the past couple of years lends itself to important safety benefits. When opened, they do not increase the footprint of the apparatus, whereas swing-open doors increase the footprint and make it difficult for passing motorists to see firefighters accessing a compartment and firefighters to see oncoming traffic. And then, there is also the tremendous amount of damage caused if a hinged door is left open when the vehicle exits the apparatus bay.

Inside compartments, roll-out trays for on the bottom of compartments make for safer lifting and retrieval of equipment, especially heavier pieces. The pull-out, tilt-down shelves for upper-level storage make equipment a lot easier to access and do not put the body in an awkward lifting position. Of course, equipment-organizing packages that secure the equipment to keep it from falling out onto a firefighter is always a good investment. In addition, it allows for a quick glance to a see if any equipment is missing.

Granted, there are reasons to climb on apparatus. In fact, we must climb up into the apparatus cab and then climb back down. As with climbing a ladder, the angle of the climb should be considered (American apparatus cabs are designed much better than European designed cabs when it comes to the angle of the climb). A key point in placing grab handles is that there should always be three points of contact—i.e., one foot/two hands or one hand/two feet. An interesting point made by Miller and Lackore was the placement of a grab handle underneath the windshield wipers. As firefighters try to access the windshield for cleaning, they will grab the windshield wiper and often break the windshield wiper off the truck. Not only is this a repair that could be avoided, it is

Read more
Posted: Jun 1, 2019

Thermal Imaging: Thermal Imaging Enhances Wildland Firefighter Safety and Effectiveness

 
Thermal Imaging | Manfred Kihn
 

Thermal Imaging Enhances Wildland Firefighter Safety and Effectiveness

By now, many fire departments are conducting wildland training while government forestry agencies are gearing up for what many anticipate will be a bad year. Global warming is said to have a lot to do with climate change, since right now many regions are flooding while others are in drought conditions.

Carl Nix

Wildland firefighters over the years have battled fire from the air and on the ground, relying on their training and many years of experience. Fighting these fires, often in poor visibility and with limited knowledge about burning conditions, with the use of small handheld thermal imaging cameras (TICs) can greatly enhance wildland firefighters’ knowledge of working conditions safely on the ground. Aircraft, be it fixed wing or rotary wing, also have the same capabilities using forward-looking infrared devices mounted to the aircraft to gather intelligence. These reconnaissance flights gather vital information from the air.

Used properly, handheld TICs can help crews more effectively monitor the flank and head of the fire, place personnel in key areas to create control lines, enhance safety during firefighting, and improve the control of prescribed burns. Firefighters can also use TICs to enhance their safety when navigating through smoke, up and down hoselines, and around vehicle ground guide movement.

A thermal imaging camera can be an effective tool for wildland firefighting during mop-up to scan burned areas to ensure the fire is completely out. (Photo courtesy of Bullard.)

1 A thermal imaging camera can be an effective tool for wildland firefighting during mop-up to scan burned areas to ensure the fire is completely out. (Photo courtesy of Bullard.)

Applications

Let’s look at a few applications for using TICs when battling a fire.

  1. To monitor the flank and head of the fire from the air. On a TIC screen, hotter objects appear as white, cooler objects appear as black, and objects in between these temperatures are displayed in shades of gray. The fire’s location and progress are evident from an aerial position, regardless of sunlight or smoke conditions. This enables firefighters to precisely monitor fire progress in a way otherwise impossible. The ability to monitor the fire progress during low-light conditions means crews can begin operations earlier in the day and end later in the evening, thereby increasing efficiency and decreasing the duration of fires.
  2. To place and monitor personnel. In large fire response operations, the placement of personnel is critical to gaining control. Incident commanders can make use of their enhanced visibility through thermal imaging to determine key locations to place wildland firefighte
Read more
Posted: Jun 1, 2019

Chief Concerns: Fire Apparatus Component Selection

 
chief concerns | Richard Marinucci
 

Selecting the Right Components

In the general population, there are people who prefer Ford; some GM; and others Dodge, Nissan, or any of the other brands. If you have more money, you can choose Mercedes, BMW, Cadillac, Lexus, or a different luxury car.

Richard Marinucci

When you want to go even higher, you may be able to pick a more custom vehicle. Regardless, in the end, the vehicle you choose is based on your personal preference, which comes from past experience, style desires, funding available, and probably influence from advertisements and marketing efforts of the vehicle companies. It can also be from networking and the opinions of your connections. Regardless of your reasons, it often boils down to your choice. But in almost all cases, you will not have any options or be very limited when picking components. You get what the manufacturer puts on the vehicle with few exceptions. Of course, the components may be factored into your decision-making process.

But when it comes to components in a fire truck or other emergency vehicle, many (if not a majority) in the fire service have their own preferences when it comes to pumps, fittings, nozzles, hoses, and the like. Department mechanics will have their preferences regarding engine types, transmissions, and maybe even tires. You should be getting the picture. There is a certain brand loyalty that goes beyond the manufacturer of the truck and promotes purchasing custom vehicles so that departments get the end vehicles they desire that have the components they really want. This is not a bad thing and has its advantages. But, departments should evaluate what they are doing and make sure there are sound reasons, not that a habit has been formed. This is only stated because there are many good products available, and they may be able to meet the needs of the department.

GOOD FOR THE ORGANIZATION

You should be able to get the vehicle that makes the most sense for your organization, and a person who knows nothing of your operations cannot make the choice for you. There are quality consultants who can help, and the good ones will learn as much about your department as they can so they can make recommendations based on your needs—not necessarily their preference. Of course, a good consultant should have a feel for the market and what vehicles are likely to match your circumstances. But, they may also have their own personal biases based on their experiences and history with particular manufacturers. Whether you use consultants or your own in-house experts, knowledge of the components will help you get the best vehicle for your situation, but only if they take the time to evaluate your needs.

When drafting specifications for a custom vehicle, you need to decide which components are mandatory by particular brand and which ones have options. The more flexibility you have, the more choices you are likely to have. For example, if you want a particular pump on the truck, you may restrict which companies may be able to offer that option. Of course, if all of your vehicles have the same pump, there is an advantage to keeping things similar for training, repairs, and parts. This may not matter if the person

Read more
Posted: Jun 1, 2019

Keeping It Safe: Operating Safely in and Around Fire Apparatus

keeping it safe | Robert Tutterow
 

Operating Safely in and Around Apparatus

One of the more valuable presentations at this year’s Fire Department Safety Officers Association Apparatus Specifications & Maintenance Symposium was a presentation titled “Specifications and Practices for Working Safer Around Apparatus” by Doug Miller, with Task Force Tips, and Roger Lackore, with REV Group.

Robert Tutterow

A lot of safety initiatives are centered around the scene of the emergency. Yet, many firefighters suffer injuries, and even fatalities, while operating around apparatus. Almost annually, there is a firefighter line-of-duty death from falling off an apparatus or being run over by an apparatus.

A key principle in designing and specifying an apparatus is to minimize the need to climb on top of the apparatus. For example, if you specify a deck gun, it should be remote controlled and permanently mounted. As deck guns are typically stored in a dunnage area, it is important to make sure everything in the dunnage area is fixed, not portable equipment. Often foam tanks are filled on top of the apparatus in the dunnage area, but a foam fill option at the pump panel is an inexpensive option that is far safer than standing on top of the apparatus where slick foam may be on the standing surface. Portable master stream appliances should be stowed in a compartment at the lowest level for easy and safe access. In many cases, there is an added cost of having two master stream devices, but it offers the best, quickest, and most versatile deployment.

Speaking of compartments, the popularity of roll-up doors over the past couple of years lends itself to important safety benefits. When opened, they do not increase the footprint of the apparatus, whereas swing-open doors increase the footprint and make it difficult for passing motorists to see firefighters accessing a compartment and firefighters to see oncoming traffic. And then, there is also the tremendous amount of damage caused if a hinged door is left open when the vehicle exits the apparatus bay.

Inside compartments, roll-out trays for on the bottom of compartments make for safer lifting and retrieval of equipment, especially heavier pieces. The pull-out, tilt-down shelves for upper-level storage make equipment a lot easier to access and do not put the body in an awkward lifting position. Of course, equipment-organizing packages that secure the equipment to keep it from falling out onto a firefighter is always a good investment. In addition, it allows for a quick glance to a see if any equipment is missing.

Granted, there are reasons to climb on apparatus. In fact, we must climb up into the apparatus cab and then climb back down. As with climbing a ladder, the angle of the climb should be considered (American apparatus cabs are designed much better than European designed cabs when it comes to the angle of the climb). A key point in placing grab handles is that there should always be three points of contact—i.e., one foot/two hands or one hand/two feet. An interesting point made by Miller and Lackore was the placement of a grab handle underneath the windshield wipers. As firefighters try to access the windshield for cleaning, they will grab the windshield wiper and often break the windshield wiper off the truck. Not only is this a repair that could be avoided, it is

Read more
Posted: Jun 1, 2019

Thermal Imaging: Thermal Imaging Enhances Wildland Firefighter Safety and Effectiveness

 
Thermal Imaging | Manfred Kihn
 

Thermal Imaging Enhances Wildland Firefighter Safety and Effectiveness

By now, many fire departments are conducting wildland training while government forestry agencies are gearing up for what many anticipate will be a bad year. Global warming is said to have a lot to do with climate change, since right now many regions are flooding while others are in drought conditions.

Carl Nix

Wildland firefighters over the years have battled fire from the air and on the ground, relying on their training and many years of experience. Fighting these fires, often in poor visibility and with limited knowledge about burning conditions, with the use of small handheld thermal imaging cameras (TICs) can greatly enhance wildland firefighters’ knowledge of working conditions safely on the ground. Aircraft, be it fixed wing or rotary wing, also have the same capabilities using forward-looking infrared devices mounted to the aircraft to gather intelligence. These reconnaissance flights gather vital information from the air.

Used properly, handheld TICs can help crews more effectively monitor the flank and head of the fire, place personnel in key areas to create control lines, enhance safety during firefighting, and improve the control of prescribed burns. Firefighters can also use TICs to enhance their safety when navigating through smoke, up and down hoselines, and around vehicle ground guide movement.

A thermal imaging camera can be an effective tool for wildland firefighting during mop-up to scan burned areas to ensure the fire is completely out. (Photo courtesy of Bullard.)

1 A thermal imaging camera can be an effective tool for wildland firefighting during mop-up to scan burned areas to ensure the fire is completely out. (Photo courtesy of Bullard.)

Applications

Let’s look at a few applications for using TICs when battling a fire.

  1. To monitor the flank and head of the fire from the air. On a TIC screen, hotter objects appear as white, cooler objects appear as black, and objects in between these temperatures are displayed in shades of gray. The fire’s location and progress are evident from an aerial position, regardless of sunlight or smoke conditions. This enables firefighters to precisely monitor fire progress in a way otherwise impossible. The ability to monitor the fire progress during low-light conditions means crews can begin operations earlier in the day and end later in the evening, thereby increasing efficiency and decreasing the duration of fires.
  2. To place and monitor personnel. In large fire response operations, the placement of personnel is critical to gaining control. Incident commanders can make use of their enhanced visibility through thermal imaging to determine key locations to place wildland firefighte
Read more
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