A recent state-of-the-art review in the journal Textiles by researchers at Oklahoma State University, USA, examines the use of nanotechnology to advance thermal protective clothing (TPC) for firefighters working in extreme thermal and hazardous environments.
The review highlights nanotechnology as a promising approach to developing lighter, multifunctional, and breathable firefighter clothing, while also addressing challenges related to scalability, durability, cost, and safety. Firefighters work in environments where intense heat, flames, steam, hot liquids, smoke, and toxic particles can cause severe injuries.
Thermal protective clothing (TPC) provides an essential barrier against these hazards, but conventional clothing often involves a difficult trade-off between protection and comfort. Increasing garment thickness or insulation can reduce heat transfer but also increases weight, limits breathability, and adds to physical strain.
In contrast, lighter and more breathable garments may provide less protection during intense thermal exposure. Nanotechnology offers new opportunities to address these challenges because nanoscale materials can provide high porosity, controlled surface chemistry, and tailored thermal and barrier properties.
Nanofibers and aerogels can reduce heat transfer, while inorganic nanoparticles can improve flame resistance and surface protection. Two-dimensional materials, metallic nanostructures, and phase-change materials can collectively provide functions such as sensing, infrared reflection, and thermal energy storage.
AZoNano
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