When an electric vehicle fire involves its batteries, and those batteries enter thermal runaway, a number of reactions are occurring that contribute to these fires being very difficult to extinguish.
As we know, the lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles are not the only lithium-ion battery fires we will encounter. A variety of methods have been proposed and attempted to extinguish these fires during the past several years. The team at Full Circle Lithium has developed a product that rapidly absorbs the heat and mitigates the chemical reaction that is the thermal runaway issue at the same time—FCL-X.
Full Circle Lithium was initially founded to create a process and recycle lithium batteries while reclaiming a large amount of the lithium to make new batteries, according to Webster Marshall, vice president of business development. “The process to take batteries apart was difficult and started in water baths to stop runaway issues,” he says. “This was unsuccessful, and then the solution known as FCL-X was created.” In this solution, Marshall says the company could dismantle batteries and test the process by deconstructing 1,000 different battery types including all chemistries. “When the lithium market took a significant downturn, one of our members, Michael Carver, encouraged new R&D into how well this might work with suppression applications,” Marshall states. “It worked, and now FCL-X technical suppression agent is the flagship of our business.”
1 2½-gallon jugs of PCL-X Pro concentrate. (Photos courtesy of Full Circle Lithium.)
2 A US Fire Pump Emergency Response vehicle being used to deploy FCL-X.
FCL-X is batch mixed in premeasured amounts. It comes in a powder form and instantly dissolves. It has been proven to not harm pump components, plumbing, tank components, appliances, or hose. “It is also LC50-approved,” says Marshall, “and was tested up to 10× the LC50 levels with no issues to humans or aquatic life. It is pH-neutral and has been third-party tested for suppression capabilities.”
FCL-X works by rapidly absorbing heat as well as mitigating the chemical reacti